A beginner gardener’s glossary
Whilst you don’t need to know all the rules of gardening it’s always helpful to understand some of the key terms, so here are the most important ones.
Deciduous
These plants shed their leaves (or petals) in autumn and grow fresh ones in spring. Some even retreat entirely below ground for the winter—but don’t worry, they’re just hibernating, not dead!
Evergreen
Plants that stay green all year round, keeping their leaves no matter the season.
Fertilizer
Material—either organic or inorganic—added to soil to boost its fertility. Fertilizer can also mean liquid feed, giving plants an extra dose of nutrients to help them thrive.
Full Shade
Areas with no direct sunlight, like beneath thick tree canopies or against a north-facing wall.
Full Sun
Spots that get six or more hours of direct sunlight a day.
Ground Cover
Low-growing plants that spread across the soil, perfect for planting under trees or along paths—great for filling tricky areas where not much else will grow.
Hardy
Plants tough enough to survive frosty winters without extra protection.
Perennial
These are plants that grow back year after year, either staying evergreen or reappearing each spring.
Shrub
A small to medium-sized woody plant with multiple stems growing from its base. Most garden bushes are shrubs.